My primary research focuses on the development and advanced genetic engineering of Virus-like particles (VLPs) derived from the Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV). By leveraging these VLPs as versatile, biocompatible nanoplatforms, my work aims to address critical challenges in biomedical science and nanobiotechnology. The research is currently divided into three main streams:

• Advanced Protein Engineering for Versatile Nanoplatforms: This project involves the genetic modification of MrNV-VLPs utilising genetic code expansion technology. By incorporating unnatural/non-canonical amino acids into the viral protein structure, the VLPs acquire the capability to undergo Click chemistry reactions. This highly specific bioorthogonal functionalisation paves the way for the efficient conjugation of diverse therapeutic agents, targeting ligands, or imaging probes for future medical applications.
• Targeted Nanocarriers for Breast Cancer Therapeutics: Building upon VLP surface engineering, this research modifies MrNV-VLPs to express short peptides highly specific to HER2-positive breast cancer. This modification creates “smart” nanocarriers designed for the precise, targeted delivery of anticancer drugs directly to malignant cells, while also demonstrating significant potential for future applications in cancer detection and diagnostics.
• Viral Decoys for SARS-CoV-2 and Biosafety Evaluation: This study focuses on engineering MrNV-VLPs displaying ACE2-targeting peptides (ACE2tp) and terminal sialic acid recognition domains (tsCRD) to function as therapeutic decoys. These modified VLPs competitively bind to the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) virus, thereby neutralising the infection. A critical component of this research involves rigorous preclinical risk assessments—specifically evaluating the immunogenicity and toxicity of the engineered VLPs—to ensure their biosafety and systemic compatibility.

Overall Vision: By integrating molecular biology, synthetic chemistry, and nanotechnology, my research endeavours to transform MrNV-VLPs into a multifunctional nanomedical platform. This innovative approach offers promising solutions for targeted cancer therapy, the management of emerging infectious diseases, and the advancement of safe nanotherapeutics.